Native to China, cultivated in China for more than a thousand years of history, is one of the traditional Chinese flowers. Narcissus Scientific name: Narcissus tazeta vai chimensis; English name: Chinese Narsissus; Alias: Limbo fairy, exquisite jade, gold and silver sets, daffodils, Yao female flowers, the history of women spent the day onions, elegant garlic; Characteristics: Perennial Amaryllidaceae herbs. Mast underground bulb like onions, ovate to ovate ball factory, brown skin coating. Leaves long and narrow strip, two-like the students. Scape hollow, flat tube shape, usually a few per scape ball sticks, were up more than 10 branch, the number of sticks per Ting, to more than 10 flowers, composition corymbs.
Narcissus mainly the southeast coast of China, promulgated in warm, humid areas, Zhangzhou, Fujian, Xiamen and Shanghai, Chongming Island is most famous. Beautiful narcissus flower, leaf green, floral scent, delicate and elegant, has become the world famous flower in winter one of furnishings.
Narcissus bulbs: narcissus bulbs in China for the conical or oval. Thin brown paper outside bulbs, corms, said skin. There are fleshy, white, bulb-shaped pieces hold together several layers, with axillary buds were between layers, the central parts of a flower bud, basal plate is connected with the bulb.
Leaves: The leaves of Chinese narcissus flat ribbon, dark green, leaf powder, cream mask, apex obtuse, veins parallel. Mature leaves 30-50 cm long, 1-5 cm wide. White sheath-like base for the scales, no petiole. Cultivation of Chinese narcissus, generally 5-9 tablets per plant with leaves, up to 11.
Flower: inflorescence axis out from the foliage, green, cylindrical, hollow; appearance of a significant bump prism, table leather wax; length of 20-45 cm in diameter 2-3 mm. Umbel; flower inflorescence was born in the shape of a fan shaft to the top, outside the spathe membranous inclusions, usually flowers 3-7 flowers (up to 16); perianth base connate, tubular, lobes 6, open such as when the flat plate, white; deputy crown light yellow or bright yellow cup-shaped (called Calendula silver sets. there Calendula Gold Taiwan - Vice crown petals are yellow; silver silver table lamp - the petals are white, Deputy Crown) . Stamens 6, pistil 1, stigma 3 crack, ovary inferior.
Fruit: small capsule. Capsule developed by the ovary is made to be cooked by the Ministry of cracking. Chinese narcissus is triploid, does not bear seeds. Narcissus - the main strain
ill with type Narcissus
(1) single lobe type: take univalve, white, perianth 6 crack, the center has a golden ring Deputy Crown, so called
(2) Double type: flower petals, white, perianth 12 cracked, curled up clusters, known as the poor, is a variant of narcissus.
Narcissus -
culture method described, according to the China Flower: daffodil planting soil cultivation methods, sand plant, water plant and carving style. Cultivation techniques not ask for much, just keep the temperature about 15 ℃, with plenty of sunshine and ground water, often changing the water, breeding 25 days -30 days will be able to blossom. But pay attention to several points:
Narcissus
1. Temperature should not exceed 25 ℃ or more, or to stop growing into hibernation, resulting in flat yellow buds, atrophy dry;
2. Sun should be sufficient, otherwise leaves grow garlic leaf;
3. The water used to clean, or rot due to water pollution deterioration.
growth has special characteristics of daffodils, which bloom date can be decided by the people themselves, if you require it to bloom during the Spring Festival, in 20 days -300 days before the Spring Festival around the bulb (Narcissus head) Rupen planting , Rupen later it began to grow to flowering, several farming methods are presented:
soil plant soil plant require loose soil humus. The first appearance before planting daffodil bulbs dry and scrape off the old chip stripped roots, add humus to the basin along the 3 cm. Shake hands and hold pots, so humus tight, and then narcissus bulb plate located in the pot, and then continue to add about 1 cm of soil, then irrigated and then the pot in the shade, 5 days until the bulb disk grow roots, it will put a light at the pot culture. Soil plant watering should pay attention to see the wet dry see that the earth not do without water, once poured water will leak until the pelvic floor and watering the time to choose in the morning and evening, otherwise it will destroy the root growth.
planted
Sha Sha planting is best to use clean sand, pots also require good ventilation earthen pot, planted before the first sand into the pot, filled to 3 cm along the basin Department, and then stripped of the old stems and roots of Narcissus film head is located in the bottles and sand in the pot, add about 1 cm of sand, under the head of the daffodil stems buried in the sand about 1 cm. Then irrigated shade. 5 days later put it there until the sun at the flowering date. First to plant daffodils with sand were irrigated every day, not timely watering will cause water shortages, affecting root growth of flowers. Watering in the morning and evening were also on request.
hydroponics hydroponics before the films and also the old stems and old roots stripped clean, then put into a breeding daffodils pot, add water to the narcissus bulb under the head about 1 cm, into the shade until the bulbs grow roots after disc into the sunny place to blossom. Changing the water every day, the best hydroponics Narcissus, on the one hand to prevent the deterioration of water pollution caused by rot, on the other hand changing the water every day, water the roots grow too white and clean, beautiful. Narcissus - sculpted
growing scene in order to make mosaic, beautiful, flower head will be carved to be handled. Specifically: first appearance of the dry bulb scales peeled off and scrape off the old roots, and sculpture. Look at the growing shoots when carving, the curved surface potential as a carving, then use a small knife in the plate 2 cm from the root bulb gently cross a line from left to right, then right and left sides of the cut in a vertical line, then stripped layer by layer within the horizontal and vertical lines of the scales, while digging between the bud scales, until pale yellow leaves and scape naked, then you can curl leaves. Then, to cast on Scape, scape with a knife above the bud at the bottom of a line from top to bottom scraping or scape from top to bottom for a few needle puncture, the growth will occur scape metamorphosis, also to the wound side of the bend. According to the requirements of the different shape of the degree of scraping and bit Hin also different. Narcissus by carving the shape of the first time into the water to soak the wound side down, to clear the mucus secreted by the wound, changing the water every day, soak about 2 days -3 days, to be cleaned of mucus can be removed and used cotton flower scales cover plate (root disk). And then carved face on the daffodils into the pot, add water aquaculture in the shade. Changing the water once a day, keep the water clean, scale disk grow to be about 1 cm length of time, the pots on the sunny daffodils at farming. Remember breeding process temperature should not exceed 20 ℃, to frequently changes the water every day for 1, ground water, spray 1 -2 times a day, often sunshine, lush flowers such train, flowers, beautiful gesture.
Art
the average family more water daffodils, so we focus on how water for daffodils.
daffodils water for as follows: to purchase daffodil bulbs stripped to the skin, remove dead roots and root soil protection, and then 3-4 with a knife stripped the upper layer of the bulb outside the epidermis, between their The flower buds exposed, attention not to damage the flower buds when stripping. Add 清水中浸泡 night bulb and then the next day, wipe the mucus out of incision, and then straight into the narcissus shallow bowl, add water flooded one-third of the appropriate bulb. Pot can be used quartz sand, pebbles and other fixed to the bulb.
narcissus basin during the day to place in a sunny place, moved indoors at night, and drained the water basin, to control the excessive growth leaves. The next morning then add water, careful not to move the direction of the bulb. Just on the pots, the daffodils can change the water every day, changed once every 2-3 days later, after the formation of buds, change the water every week. Narcissus in the 10-15 degree environment grew well for about 45 days to bloom, flowering can be maintained more than a month.
Narcissus water for the period, in particular,UGG boots cheap, to give sufficient light, sunny day should be placed at the evening can be placed on light. This prevents leggy stems and leaves of daffodils, narcissus leaves leaving short-generous, robust, dark green leaves, fragrant flowers. Water for Narcissus, generally do not need fertilizer, if the conditions applied in the flowering period of a little number of available phosphorus, fertilizer, flowers can open better.
water for daffodils if properly managed and used a certain way, not only the flowers bright, but also artificially prolong flowering, and even flowering time, here are some tips for water daffodils.
1. Extension Act: A couple of aspirin tablets crushed into powder, placed in 1000 ml of water, sprinkled on after melting pot is blooming narcissus, daffodils can extend the period of a week or so.
2. brightening law: When the daffodil flower stalk of grass grow to about 25 cm height, with a medical syringe steamed cakes of food coloring in the solution injected into the stalk of grass stems, the injection point for the stem height The last 1 / 4.
3. Timing Method: subject the daffodils bloom in the Spring Festival, a month ahead of the Narcissus Narcissus into the pot, with a few grains of stone to secure the ball Narcissus, into the water on a sunny place for water training, change the water every day or every other day, and then put a few grains of salt in the water, so that both the daffodils bloom in the Spring Festival, but also extend the flowering period. Narcissus - Narcissus flower ball control
generally normal water for 45-50 days flowering schedule. Water for the so-called normal, that is, to ensure water for Narcissus, after 6 hours of sunlight a day time temperature maintained at 10-15 degrees is appropriate. In case of abnormal weather, insufficient light, the temperature is too low (high), it would have to take measures to make daffodils bloom on schedule. Common methods: ① temperature is too low, insufficient light, they can put on a narcissus basin of warm water 12-15 degrees; night narcissus basin surrounded by plastic film,UGG boots, and 60 watts with a 40-50 cm away from the flowers, the warming and strengthen the light, and give narcissus foliage spray to prevent the temperature suddenly increased. ② When the temperature is too high, they should join in the amount of narcissus basin of cold water overnight basin water drained, low-temperature processing, it will give the delayed flowering daffodils.
water for the cultivation of daffodils
closely related with the temperature change, it is necessary to adjust the temperature to control the flowering period. For flowering during the Spring Festival, usually around 26 days before the holiday can start flooding forcing. Deal with the first daffodils to make it normal growth.
① case of high temperatures, daffodils growing fast, there are early signs of flowering, shade should be appropriate to reduce the sun according to the sun.
② case of cold temperature, it is estimated not on track to bloom, you need to warm cold, increased light, warm when necessary, to take artificial measures, such as using the thermostat or using warm water gardening, etc., can also use the light rainy days supplementary lighting.
warming forcing
Narcissus Narcissus grew slowly at low temperatures, the available methods warming forcing:
① sun warming: put outdoors in the sun during the day shift, or indoor sunny window facing south before, until the flowering date.
② light warming: the cast of plastic cover the pot, turn on the light irradiation, the hood to be raised to 23 ℃ stop.
③ heater temperature: open heater or hair dryer to burn daffodils placed in the position not to allow warm air blowing slowly took the body for several days to flower in full bloom.
④ warm water temperature: Add a small amount of warm water in the basin of water, so that the water temperature rose to 12 ~ 15 ℃.
salt extension of
When daffodils daffodils bloom all the time, a small amount of salt into the pot, can extend the flowering period. Avoid salt when the daffodils in bud, flower buds or suppressed but will open.
Chinese narcissus need to go through 2-3 years of planting to flowering. 9 to 10 in the autumn month of cultivation, the leaves turn yellow in May the following year, in June to form the ball into the dormant bulbs, dormant bulbs during the ball to the physiological and biochemical activities. Breeding with the side of the ball, the second year after digging the ball into sleep, after a storage period, of which bloom in winter ball, the ball usually l l branches flowers, commercially available Chongming narcissus is the case. With the lateral propagation of the second year,UGGs, dug the ball after hibernation, re-planted in autumn and winter flowering, but also the ball l TECHNOLOGY l flower. 1 year planted the ball from the side (cross-2 years) and lateral planted 2 years (cross 3) of the bulbs, the selection of a large ball-shaped bulb for the good of the ball, after the fall of the castration process, re-planting, carefully nurtured , next year get a big body, on both sides of the ball with the side and open more branches flower bulbs ball, that ball of goods.
various stages of growth and development of Narcissus (such as vegetative growth, bulb enlargement stage, flower bud, flowering) require different environmental conditions. The roots, stems, leaves and flowers each organ of the environmental conditions are also different. Narcissus Growing likes the cold weather, proper temperature is 10-20 ℃, can withstand temperature 0 ℃. Swelling in the spring bulb ball, dried at high temperatures (26 ℃ above) for flower buds. After a dormant bulbs, high temperature can grow roots, but not fat leaves, the temperature dropped to only send leaf, to when the temperature is about 6-10 ℃ drawn flowers moss. In the flowering period, such as the temperature is too high, poor flowering or no wilting flower. Appropriate conditions of temperature, it hi light, are more shade-tolerant. Cultivating flowering bulbs, the light can inhibit long leaf growth, will help take G elongation, higher than the leaves. Good fertilizer during the growing season, such as water, the growth was poor. Late growth stage to be fully dry, or affect the buds. Soil should be loose, swelling of soft, neutral or slightly acidic.
one side of the ball breeding: This is the most common breeding methods commonly used. Chu was born in the ball outside the bulb on both sides of the ball, only the base is connected with the cue ball, it is easy to own from the mother, the fall will be separated with the cue ball, a separate plant, the following year to generate new ball.
Second, the lateral propagation: lateral bud is wrapped in the bud within the bulb of the ball. Only during the castration bulb only when the scales together with the pieces excavated from the mother, picked up the white buds in autumn sowing in the seedbed on the withdrawal, the following year to generate new ball.
III, double-scale propagation: a bulb contains a lot of lateral the ball, there is visible, there is an underlying's. But the basic rule of a free two bud scales. With two scales of the bulb with the plate for propagation material called double-scale propagation. The method is to place the bulb temperature 4-10 ℃ at the first 4-8 weeks, and then at room temperature, cut into small disks in the bulb, so that each block with two scales, and the top scale for removal of reproductive material left 2 cm and 50% water with a plastic bag basket Sheng stone or sand 6% moisture content, the reproductive material into the bag, closed the bag, set the temperature 20-28 ℃ in the dark place. After 2-3 months to grow small bulbs, into a ball rate of 80-90%. This is a new approach began to develop in recent years, the four seasons can be, but from April to September as well. Bulblets generated string of high survival rate after transplanting, a 100% up to 80.
four tissue culture: Prudential raised with MS, an additional 30 grams of sugar per liter and 5 grams of activated carbon, with the bud tip as the explant, or dish with dual scales 5x10 mm for the stem explants body, PH value 5-7; into 20x100 mm glass tubes, each tube 10 ml culture medium, after sterilization, each tube is inserted in the explants, and then at 25 ℃ in culture, inoculated 10 days after produce small processes, 20 days into small balls, 1 month after the transfer containing NAA0.1 / mg l/2MS the medium ,6-8 weeks after leaves, roots and transplanted in the field, you can 100% survived. With shoot tip as explants, there to virus. Narcissus - to prevent the Sphere of small, stunted flower buds; sphere subjected to pests and diseases, the root plate dry rot, root hair less body weak.
(2) improper maintenance. Does not change the water frequently, insufficient light, room temperature is too high, poor ventilation, resulting in leaf leggy, thin scape. In addition, changing the water when the roots and bumps scape, will lead to a
(3) improper water for the season. If frost before the bulb is dormant or after Qingming water for when the temperature increases, will be a
to prevent The best use of water for rain water or pond water, such as tap water, then the day should be stored. Then there are the daffodils to ensure adequate lighting, not less than 6 hours a day, but also pay attention to indoor air. Temperature maintained at 12-15 degrees, the most conducive to the growth of narcissus. In the north, the weather is dry, water a day from narcissus plants. Narcissus - Narcissus pest control Pest
large brown spot, leaf blight, nematode disease, aspergillosis, Ome disease. Spot, the main hazards of narcissus leaves and stems. When first seen in the tip dyed, brown, large leaves and stems are infected lesions appear, so that leaves twisted, plants stop growing, resulting in dead. The early stages, can be 75% of the chlorothalonil WP 600-700 times the solution, spraying once every 5-7 days, even the spray several times to control disease development.
membranous scales before planting strip, the bulb on the 0.5% formalin, or 500 times on the 50% carbendazim solution soak for half an hour, can prevent the disease occurred. Leaves disease, occurs in Narcissus leaf, the faded green when the initial issuance of macular, and then was fan-shaped expansion of the halo surrounding a yellow-green, late dry leaves and a black granular material. The disease can be stripped dry before planting scale, high-manganese dilute acid rinse 2-3 times prevention. Early stage disease, 50% used 1500 times on behalf of Sen zinc spray solution. Worm disease, the main hazards of narcissus leaves and stems. When the initial issuance and daffodils will appear on the leaves and stems yellow-brown stripe mosaic, and then waves of blisters or like-like uplift, leading to the breakdown of leaf and stem epidermis brown, until wilted. The disease can be 40-43 degrees of 0.5% formalin solution for 3-4 hours soaking the bulb to prevent it. If the conservation of plants found during a serious illness should immediately remove and destroy diseased plants. Narcissus -
withering treatment after the Spring Festival, daffodils to fade. Usually people will put the ball opened daffodil flowers thrown away, it is very regrettable. Daffodil is a perennial plant, which is to reproduce by bulbs, and if those have been re-opened flower bulbs buried in the earth, it can continue the growth and reproduction.
Narcissus
select Leeward Sunningdale, deep soil of the vegetable garden or nursery, cultivating Paping built into a high ridge after the ridge on the furrow, will have opened flower bulbs buried in one of the leaves of natural reserves. A month later, leaves wilt sleep, when the rise of the bulb, cut off the fibrous roots, and cut along the base of the leaves have withered and yellow, and then the bulb buried depth of 10 cm is appropriate, while others applied into the solution or the maturity cake manure, and then Paping. Not the easy way, to a buried pot trouble, because the bulb to the soil through the long spring, summer, autumn three seasons, especially summer and autumn, high temperature hot bulb buried in them, above and No leaves, if you forget to water them fertilizer, can cause death of drought.
handle the bulb, the back of the work is routine maintenance and management, usually as long as the garden to give adequate attention to nutrients, while maintaining the garden moist but not water, the bulb can be natural growth. Wait until January, when 11,12, and then dig the bulb, then you will find the old bulbs have been rotting empty, but it has bred many large and small around the bulb. Big bud those selected number of bulbs, wash the soil above and removed the brown surface coating, and then put out a few hours of sun drying, and then with a knife in the ball at the top of a uniform depth of the bud eye is not hurting for the degree of scale to facilitate the buds and leaves grow. Add 清水中浸泡 24 hours, clean cut on the outflow of mucus gel, the water can be kept normal. General 3 days later, the ball at the bottom of the white fibrous roots can grow, the ball leaves the terminal bud eruption of the eye gradually. For those small bulb, because the year is not flowering, let them re-growth year in the soil until the following year, sturdy growth, then dig out the water for. Narcissus -
toxic poisonous plants: the species included in the Chinese plant in the database of toxic plants and their toxicity to the whole plant toxic, toxic bulb. After eating, vomiting, abdominal pain, frequency of micro-pulse, cold sweats, diarrhea, irregular breathing, body temperature increased, lethargy, prostration, etc., severe spasm, paralysis and died. Bulb infusion of guinea pigs, rabbits and cats have a strong uterine stimulant, can make pigeon vomiting. Narcissus alkaloids mice by intraperitoneal injection LD50 is 182mg/kg; dog intramuscular injection 16mg/kg, decreased in activity, do not eat, part of the death.
narcissus flowers, branches, leaves are toxic, so to warn and protect a child inadvertently swallowed. Narcissus - bulbs
chemical composition containing 1% alkaloids, mainly the first multi-Narcissus base (5-18), followed by a pseudo-Lycorine (5-2), Lycoris base (5-1) , rain Lycorine (5-3), multi-Narcissus base (S-17), high Lycorine (5-6), Lycoris Ning base (5-5), tennis flower set alkali (S-15) Ig , 01, narcissus Ming (narciprimine), Narcissus Swiss Pavilion (narcicriptine), Narcissus Ling (narcisline), Narcissus pull (narciclasine) and Magee hormone (margeline) and other b, ', most recently for the separation of O-A Ji Marui set (O-methylmaritidine) [40]. Leaves of containing Lycorine (5-1), followed by a number of Narcissus base (5-18) and tennis set flower base (5 - 15), etc. [41]. Flowers containing flavonoids isorhamnetin (isorhamnetin) and Narcissus glycosides (narcissin). The total alkaloid extract of narcissus, Narcissus before more alkaline (5-18), pulling narcissus and daffodils have anticancer and antiviral activity of glycosides [38,42,43]. Narcissus - Narcissus
pharmacological effects have certain pharmacological effects. The flowers contain volatile oil 0.2-0.45%, mainly composed of eugenol, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, cinnamic alcohol. Japanese-volatile oil containing 0.011% Narcissus, in which constituents linalool 25%, 24.8% of phenyl acetate, benzyl alcohol 8% and so on. Lycoris Narcissus pseudo-root with alkali, alkali Lycoris, Narcissus more alkali, alkali and other alkaloids Zhangzhou narcissus. Narcissus alkaloids have some anticancer and antiviral activity. White narcissus bulbs in the same plant with white narcissus amine,UGG boots clearanc, Lycorine spend more alkaline narcissus, snowdrops amine base, alkaline and pseudo Lycoris Lycoris amine base. Its pharmacological as: ① contraction of the uterus. ② anti-tumor effect. ③ antiviral activity. But has some toxicity.
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